서인천고1 2학기 기말대비 3차 지문 어법 추가 예상 문제

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1.다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

My name is Alexis Kerry and I am from a research center called ARKIC. We have recently been ①working on a project that looks at learning outcomes of children with disabilities. The project aims ②building conversation around disability and to push for greater accessibility and inclusion. As part of this project, we are working on a video series, and I wonder if it is possible to film children in classes and around school for a day ③to show how a special needs school functions. I would greatly appreciate your assistance in this. Please let me ④know at your earliest convenience if this is possible. I understand ⑤that now is a busy time in the school year, but our project would benefit greatly from your cooperation.

 

 

  

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2다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Breaks are necessary to revive your energy levels and ①recharge your mental stamina, but they shouldn’t be taken carelessly. If you’ve planned your schedule effectively, you should already have scheduled breaks at appropriate times throughout the day, so any other breaks in the midst of ongoing work hours are unwarranted. While scheduled breaks keep you on track by being strategic, re-energizing methods of self-reinforcement, unscheduled breaks derail you from your goal, as they offer you opportunities to procrastinate by making you ②feel as if you’ve got “free time.” Taking unscheduled breaks ③is a sure-fire way to fall into the procrastination trap. You may rationalize that you’re only getting a cup of coffee to keep yourself alert, but in reality, you’re just trying to avoid ④having to work on a task at your desk. So to prevent procrastination, commit to ⑤have no random breaks instead.

*derail 벗어나게 하다 **procrastinate 미루다

 

 

 

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3다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

A Princeton study by Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman found ①that once a person earns $75,000 per year, the emotional benefits of income wear off. He analyzed more than 450,000 responses to the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index, a daily survey of 1,000 U.S. residents conducted by the Gallup Organization, and ②discovered that emotional well-being rises with income—but not beyond an annual income of $75,000. What is the significance of $75,000? It’s not a magic number. It appears to be the income considered ③“adequately” to meet people’s basic needs. And the researchers found that lower income did not in itself cause sadness, but made people feel more ④burdened by the problems they already had. In other words, that old saying “money can’t buy happiness” ⑤turns out to be true.

 

 

 

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4다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

It turns out that the secret behind our recently extended life span ①is not due to genetics or natural selection, but rather to the relentless improvements made to our overall standard of living. From a medical and public health perspective, these developments were nothing less than game changing. For example, major diseases such as smallpox, polio, and measles have been eradicated by mass vaccination. At the same time, better living standards achieved through improvements in education, housing, nutrition, and sanitation systems ②having substantially reduced malnutrition and infections, preventing many unnecessary deaths among children. Furthermore, technologies designed to improve health have become available to the masses, ③whether via refrigeration to prevent spoilage or systemized garbage collection, ④which in and of itself eliminated many common sources of disease. These impressive shifts have not only ⑤dramatically affected the ways in which civilizations eat, but also determined how civilizations will live and die.

*relentless 끊임없는 **eradicate 근절하다

 

 

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5다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Do you have a tendency ①to focus more on what you don’t have than on what you do? Unfortunately, many people tend to focus on what they don’t have, when in reality they are sitting on a pile of blessings! Unrealistic expectations and comparisons to others lead to jealousy. Being envious of what others have only ②serves to make you unhappy with what you personally have. It’s hard to be grateful when all you can think about ③is what you don’t have or think you should get. Oftentimes frustration and dissatisfaction are actually the result of unrealistic expectations on our part. We think our situation should be this way or that way, or at least ④different from the way it is. Gratitude is not about expectations, but about being thankful for our situation no matter ⑤how our expectations may be.

 

 

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6다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Application of Buddhist-style mindfulness to Western psychology came ①primarily from the research of Jon Kabat-Zinn at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center. He initially took on the difficult task of treating chronic-pain patients, many of whom had not responded well to traditional pain-management therapy. In many ways, such treatment seems ②completely paradoxical—you teach people to deal with pain by helping them to become more aware of it! However, the key is to help people ③let go of the constant tension that accompanies their fighting of pain, a struggle that actually prolongs their awareness of pain. Mindfulness meditation allowed many of these people ④to increase their sense of well-being and to experience a better quality of life. How so? Because such meditation is based on the principle ⑤which if we try to ignore or repress unpleasant thoughts or sensations, then we only end up increasing their intensity.

 

 

 

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7다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

The ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians were the Western world’s philosophical forebears. In ①their concept of the world, nature was not an opponent in life’s struggles. Rather, man and nature were in the same boat, companions in the same story. Man thought of the natural world in the same terms as he thought of ②himself and other men. The natural world had thoughts, desires, and emotions, just like humans. Thus, the realms of man and nature were indistinguishable and did not have to be understood in cognitively different ways. Natural phenomena ③were imagined in the same terms as human experience. These ancients of the Near East ④did recognize the relation of cause and effect, but when ⑤speculated about it they came from a “who” rather than a “what” perspective. When the Nile rose, it was because the river wanted to, not because it had rained.

 

 

 

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8다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Jesse’s best friend Monica, a mother of three, was diagnosed with a rare disease. Unfortunately, she didn’t have the money necessary to start her treatment and ①pay for all the other expenses related to her disease. So Jesse jumped in to help her. She reached out to friends and family and asked them ②if they could spare $100. If so, they were to bring their contribution to a restaurant downtown at a ③designated time. Her goal was to get 100 people to give $100. Under false pretenses, Jesse took Monica to the restaurant and asked if she minded ④answering a few questions on video to share with others about her sickness. She agreed. Soon after the video began, a line formed outside the restaurant. The number grew to hundreds of people, each ⑤delivers a $100 bill. The kindness and generosity shown by both friends and strangers made a huge difference for Monica and her family.

 

  

 

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9다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

A good many scientists and artists have noticed the universality of creativity. At the Sixteenth Nobel Conference, held in 1980, scientists, musicians, and philosophers all agreed, to quote Freeman Dyson, ①what “the analogies between science and art are very good as long as you are talking about the creation and the performance. The creation is certainly very ②analogous. The aesthetic pleasure of the craftsmanship of performance is also very strong in science.” ③A few years later, at another multidisciplinary conference, physicist Murray Gell-Mann found that “everybody agrees on where ideas come from. We had a seminar here, about ten years ago, ④including several painters, a poet, a couple of writers, and the physicists. Everybody agrees on how it works. All of these people, whether they are doing artistic work or scientific work, ⑤are trying to solve a problem.”

 

 

 

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10다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

A vast academic literature provides empirical support for the thesis ①that it pays to be green. Large data sets have been constructed, ②measuring firm environmental behavior and financial performance across a wide number of industries and over many years. While the results are not unequivocal, there is evidence suggestive of a positive correlation between environmental performance and financial performance. In our own work, we find that, on average, a 10% decrease in a company’s toxic emissions as ③reported in the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Toxic Release Inventory—a database of toxic emissions from US manufacturing facilities—④resulting in an average 3% increase in a firm’s financial performance as measured by return on assets. Another study suggests ⑤that a 10% reduction in emissions could result in a $34 million increase in market value.

*unequivocal 명료한

 

 

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11다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Scientific knowledge cannot account for correct aesthetic appreciation of nature ①because of science represents natural objects as members of a specific class, rather than as individual entities. The science-based approach claims ②that aesthetically relevant properties are only those properties that all members of a natural kind share with each other. But this is not true. When we experience nature, we do not experience it as species, but as individual objects. And as ③separated into individual objects, nature can have aesthetic properties that are not entailed by its scientific description. Natural science can explain, for instance, the formation of the waterfall, but it has nothing to say about our experience of the majestic Victoria Falls when ④viewed at sunset, its reds and oranges countless and captivating; geology can explain the formation of the Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania, but not its painful and breathtaking beauty at sunrise, the fog slowly ⑤lifting above the crater and a lone hippopotamus dark and heavy in the lake.

*entity 독립체

 

 

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12다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

During the late 1800s, printing became cheaper and faster, ①led to an explosion in the number of newspapers and magazines and the increased use of images in these publications. Photographs, as well as woodcuts and engravings of them, appeared in newspapers and magazines. The ②increased number of newspapers and magazines created greater competition—driving some papers to print more salacious articles to attract readers. This “yellow journalism” sometimes took the form of gossip about public figures, as well as about socialites ③who considered themselves private figures, and even about those who were not part of high society but had found ④themselves involved in a scandal, crime, or tragedy that journalists thought would sell papers. Gossip was of course nothing new, but the rise of mass media in the form of widely distributed newspapers and magazines meant ⑤that gossip moved from limited (often oral only) distribution to wide, printed dissemination.

*engraving 판화 **salacious 외설스러운 ***dissemination 보급

 

 

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13다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Some fad diets might have you ①running a caloric deficit, and while this might encourage weight loss, it has no effect on improving body composition, and it could actually result in a loss of muscle mass. Calorie restriction can also cause your metabolism ②to slow down, and significantly reduce energy levels. Controlling caloric intake to deliver the proper amount of calories so that the body has the energy it needs to function and heal ③being the only proper approach. Your body also needs the right balance of key macronutrients to heal and grow stronger. These macronutrients, ④which include protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats, can help your body maximize its ability to repair, rebuild, and grow stronger. Timing is also important. By eating the right combinations of these key macronutrients at strategic intervals throughout the day, we can help our bodies ⑤heal and grow even faster.

*fad (일시적인) 유행 **macronutrient 다량 영양소

 

  

 

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14다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

The problem of amino acid deficiency is not unique to the modern world by ①any means. Preindustrial humanity probably dealt with protein and amino acid insufficiency on a regular basis. Sure, large hunted animals such as mammoths ②provided protein and amino acids aplenty. However, living off big game in the era before refrigeration meant humans had to endure alternating periods of feast and famine. Droughts, forest fires, superstorms, and ice ages led to long stretches of difficult conditions, and starvation was a constant threat. The human inability to synthesize ③such basic things as amino acids certainly worsened those crises and made surviving on ④however was available that much harder. During a famine, it’s not the lack of calories that ⑤is the ultimate cause of death; it’s the lack of proteins and the essential amino acids they provide.

*synthesize 합성하다

 

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15다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Charisma is eminently learnable and teachable, and in many ways, it follows one of Newton’s famed laws of motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. That is to say ①that all of charisma and human interaction is a set of signals and cues that lead to other signals and cues, and there is a science to ②decipher which signals and cues work the most in your favor. In other words, charisma can often be simplified as a checklist of what to do at what time. However, it will require brief forays out of your comfort zone. Even though there may be a logically easy set of procedures to follow, it’s still an emotional battle to change your habits and introduce new, uncomfortable behaviors that you ③are not used to. I like to say that it’s just a matter of using muscles that have long been dormant. It will take some time to ④warm them up, but it’s only through practice and action ⑤that you will achieve your desired goal.

*decipher 판독하다 **foray 시도 ***dormant 활동을 중단한

 

 

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16다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

There was an experiment conducted in 1995 by Sheena Iyengar, a professor of business at Columbia University. In a California gourmet market, Professor Iyengar and her research assistants set up a booth of samples of jams. Every few ①hours, they switched from offering an assortment of 24 bottles of jam to an assortment of just six bottles of jam. On average, customers tasted two jams, regardless of the size of the assortment, and each one received a coupon ②good for $1 off one jar of jam. Here’s the interesting part. Sixty percent of customers ③was drawn to the large assortment, while only 40 percent stopped by the small one. But 30 percent of the people who had sampled from the small assortment decided to buy jam, while only three percent of ④those confronted with the two dozen jams purchased a jar. Effectively, a greater number of people bought jam when the assortment size was 6 ⑤than when it was 24.

*assortment 모음

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. ②: aim은 to부정사가 이어져 ‘~할 작정이다’를 의미하고, 뒤에 and로 to push가 병렬구조이므로, building을 to build로 고쳐야 한다.

2 ⑤: commit to의 to가 전치사이므로 having으로 고쳐야 한다.

3 ③: consider the income adequate가 수동태 전환된 표현으로 목적 보어는 형용사이므로 adequate로 고쳐야 한다.

4 ②: 주어(better living standards)에 해당하는 본동사 자리이며 현재시제이므로 having을 have로 고쳐야 한다.

5 ⑤: 뒤에 불완전한 절이 왔으므로 관계부사 how를 관계대명사what으로 고쳐야 한다.

6 ⑤: 앞의 명사(the principle)를 부연 설명하고 뒤에 완전한 절이 왔으므로 관계대명사 which를 동격을 나타내는 접속사 that으로 고쳐야 한다.

7 ⑤: 접속사가 남아 있는 분사구문으로 주절의 주어(These ancients)와 동사(speculate)가 ‘고대인들이 숙고하다’라는 의미의 능동 관계이므로 과거분사 speculated를 현재분사 speculating으로 고쳐야 한다.

8 ⑤: 두 개의 완전한 절이 오면 접속사를 연결시키지만, 여기서는 접속사는 생략되고 주어(each)는 주절의 주어(The number)와 달라서 그대로 둔 분사구문이며 주어(each)와 동사(deliver)가 ‘각자 전달하다’라는 의미의 능동 관계이므로 delivers를 현재분사 delivering으로 고쳐야 한다.

9 ①: 뒤에 완전한 절이 왔고 삽입구(to quote Freeman Dyson)앞의 동사 agreed의 목적어 역할을 하는 명사절을 이끌고 있으므로 관계대명사 what을 접속사 that으로 고쳐야 한다.

10 ④: 주어(a 10% decrease)에 해당하는 본동사 자리이며 주어가 단수이고 현재시제이므로 resulting을 results로 고쳐야 한다.

11 ①: 뒤에 절(science represents~)이 왔으므로 전치사 because of를 접속사 because로 고쳐야 한다.

12 ①: 완전한 문장 뒤에 오는 분사구문이고 주어(printing)와 동사(lead)가 ‘인쇄가 이어지다’라는 의미의 능동 관계이므로 과거분사 led를 현재분사 leading으로 고쳐야 한다.

13 ③: 주어(Controlling caloric intake)에 해당하는 본동사 자리이며 동명사구가 주어 자리에 올 땐 단수 취급하고 현재 시제이므로 being을 is로 고쳐야 한다.

14 ④: 전치사 on의 목적어 역할을 하는 명사절을 이끌고 뒤에 주어가 빠진 불완전한 절이 왔으므로 복합관계부사 however를 복합관계대명사 whatever로 고쳐 야 한다.

15 ②: 전치사 to이므로 deciphering으로 고쳐야 한다.

16 ③: percent가 올 땐 of 이하의 명사의 수(customers)에 동사의 수를 일치시키므로 was를 were로 고쳐야 한다.